
NIST SP800-22rev1a
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Presents a comprehensive analysis of the criteria involved in selecting and testing both true random number generators (TRNGs) and pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs). The outputs generated by these algorithms can be utilized across various cryptographic applications, such as key material generation. Specific requirements for cryptographic-grade generators often exceed those necessary for non-cryptographic uses. A critical aspect is ensuring unpredictability in the absence of input knowledge. This document outlines methods to characterize and evaluate suitable generators while discussing statistical testing techniques and their relationship with cryptanalysis. It also provides recommended statistical tests that can serve as an initial assessment tool for generator suitability. However, relying solely on statistical testing cannot guarantee a generators appropriateness for a particular cryptographic application; additional analysis through cryptanalysis is essential. The scope of this paper does not encompass the design or cryptanalytic evaluation of these algorithms.
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